Word Study on Epithumia and Epithemo
(To covet, To desire or To lust after)

 

Epi – to spring up from Thumesai – Strong, violent or impure desire

Greek Lexicons and commentaries describe this word as being evil and impure lust.

 

As their proof text they cite:
Exodus 20:17 Thou shalt not covet (Epi-thumia To be greatly desired, To be lusted after) thy neighbour's house, thou shalt not covet (Epi-thumia To be greatly desired, To be lusted after) thy neighbour's wife, nor his manservant, nor his maidservant, nor his ox, nor his ass, nor any thing that is thy neighbour's.

 

However in this word study we shall see that Epi-Thumia and Epi-Themeo are neutral so that one’s strong passions can be both for good and for evil.

 

Genesis 31:30 And now, though thou wouldest needs be gone, because thou sore (Epi-thumia To be greatly desired, To be lusted after)  longedst (Epi-thumesas) after thy father's house, yet wherefore hast thou stolen my gods?

 

Genesis 49:14 (Septuagint) Issachar has desired (Epi-thumia To be greatly desired, To be lusted after) that which is good resting (Ana-Pauo-Meno Ana up or upon, Pauo- To pause, To cease, Meno from his abiding) (Ana Up or Upon) between (Meson) the (Ton) inheritances (Kleron Lot, allotment or portion)[And has found an abiding in his allotted portion from the Lord by having ceased from his own.]

 

Hebrews 4:10 For he that is entered into his rest, he also hath ceased from his own works, as God did from his. (The writer of Hebrews is citing Genesis 49:14 from the Septuagint)

 

Exodus 34:24 For I will cast out the nations before thee, and enlarge thy borders: neither shall any man desire (Epi-themeo To be greatly desired, To be lusted after)  thy land, when thou shalt go up to appear before the LORD thy God thrice in the year.

 

Numbers 11:4 And the mixt multitude that was among them fell a lusting (epi-themeo To be greatly desired, To be lusted after): and the children of Israel also wept again, and said, Who shall give us flesh to eat?

 

Deuteronomy 5:21 Neither shalt thou desire (epi-themeo To be greatly desired, To be lusted after) thy neighbour's wife, neither shalt thou covet (epi-themeo To be greatly desired, To be lusted after) thy neighbour's house, his field, or his manservant, or his maidservant, his ox, or his ass, or any thing that is thy neighbour's.

 

Deuteronomy 7:25 The graven images of their gods shall ye burn with fire: thou shalt not desire (epi-themeo To be greatly desired, To be lusted after) the silver or gold that is on them, nor take it unto thee, lest thou be snared therin: for it is an abomination to the LORD thy God.

 

Deuteronomy 12:20 When the LORD thy God shall enlarge thy border, as he hath promised thee, and thou shalt say, I will eat flesh, because thy soul longeth  to eat flesh; thou mayest eat flesh, whatsoever thy soul lusteth (epi-themeo To be greatly desired, To be lusted after) after.

 

Deuteronomy 18:6 And if a Levite come from any of thy gates out of all Israel, where he sojourned, and come with all the desire (epi-themeo To be greatly desired, To be lusted after) of his mind unto the place which the LORD shall choose;

 

2 Chronicles 8:6 And Baalath, and all the store cities that Solomon had, and all the chariot cities, and the cities of the horsemen, and all that Solomon desired (Epi-thumia To be greatly desired, To be lusted after) to build in Jerusalem, and in Lebanon, and throughout all the land of his dominion.

 

Proverbs 6:25 Lust (Epi-thumia To be greatly desired, To be lusted after) not after her beauty in thine heart; neither let her take thee with her eyelids.

 

Proverbs 10:24 The fear of the wicked, it shall come upon him: but the desire (Epi-thumia To be greatly desired, To be lusted after) of the righteous shall be granted.

 

Proverbs 11:23 The desire (Epi-thumia To be greatly desired, To be lusted after) of the righteous is only good: but the expectation of the wicked is wrath.

 

Proverbs 13:4 The soul of the sluggard desireth, (Epi-thumia To be greatly desired, To be lusted after) and hath nothing: but the soul of the diligent shall be made fat.

 

Proverbs 13:12  Hope deferred maketh the heart sick: but when the desire (Epi-thumia To be greatly desired, To be lusted after) cometh, it is a tree of life.

 

Proverbs 21:25-26 The desire (Epi-thumia To be greatly desired, To be lusted after) of the slothful killeth him; for his hands refuse to labour. He coveteth (Epi-thumia To be greatly desired, To be lusted after) greedily all the day long: but the righteous giveth and spareth not.

 

Song of Solomon 5:16 His mouth is most sweet: yea, he is altogether lovely (Epi-thumia To be greatly desired, To be lusted after). This is my beloved, and this is my friend, O daughters of Jerusalem.

 

Daniel 9:23 (Septuagint) At the beginning of thy supplications the word (Logos) came forth, (From the Father) and I am come to shew thee; for thou a man of greatly beloved (Epi-thumia To be greatly desired, To be lusted after,): therefore consider the matter, and understand the vision. (Because Daniel was a man of strong desires or of great passion the Lord heard and answered his Epi-Thumia)

 

Hebrews 5:7 Who in the days of his flesh, when He had offered up prayers and supplications with strong crying and tears unto him that was able to save him from death, and was heard in that he feared; (Christ as Daniel was a man of Epi-thumia – and it is reflected in how we are told that he prayed here)

 

The prayer of the church has become passionless and there fore it has lost its meaning.  None pray with any sincerity they indeed pray taught desires and taught wants to consume upon their own lusts – God will not hear any of this. None pray with any fervency, none pray with any urgency, and as the prayer is not moved therefore the Father is not moved either, and therefore He does not send forth His Logos, or dispatch any angels to minister to His people. 

 

When we look at those who sought God with success in scripture we see people that were to the wall, they were impassioned in their pleas either for their own needs such as Hannah or the needs of their brethren as Moses. And when God hears the true cry of one’s spirit he responds, as opposed to when He hears the manufactured lying ineffective gobbledygook that is preached today as patterns for prayer, intercession, and our seeking the face of God. 

 

James 5:16 Confess your faults one to another, and pray one for another, that ye may be healed. The effectual fervent prayer of a righteous man availeth much.  (As in the case of Daniel’s Epi-thumia prayer and fasting)

 

James 5:17 Elias was a man subject to like passions as we are, and he prayed earnestly that it might not rain: and it rained not on the earth by the space of three years and six months.

 

 

Daniel 10:3 I ate no pleasant (Epi-thumia To be greatly desired, To be lusted after,):  bread, neither came flesh nor wine in my mouth, neither did I anoint myself at all, till three whole weeks were fulfilled. (I ate no food I hungered after, or desired, neither did I eat any flesh or drink any wine)

 

In the mid 1970’s a doctrine concerning the fast of Daniel was promoted in a book declaring that this was one of the “many” fasts in the bible that this was a fast of eating plain bread or plain foods, the book promoted fruit juice fasts, fasts that one can eat crackers and the like as well as many other powerless and empty fasts – later others embroidered on these false teachings that one could claim to be on  a fast by not drinking coffee or soda or not eating cheesecake or steak for a few days – Here we clearly see that the fast of Daniel was on of standard fare with the one fasting eating nothing and drinking only water for a prescribed period of time  (Note that this occurred after the fast prophesied of by Isaiah, did Christ’s forty day fast)

 

Daniel 10:11 And he said unto me, O Daniel, a man greatly beloved, (Epi-thumia To be greatly desired, To be lusted after,):  understand the words that I speak unto thee, and stand upright: for unto thee am I now sent. And when he had spoken this word unto me, I stood trembling. (Because Daniel was a man of strong desires or of great passion the Lord heard and answered his Epi-Thumia)

 

Daniel 10:19 And said, O man greatly beloved, (Epi-thumia To be greatly desired, To be lusted after,) fear not: peace be unto thee, be strong, yea, be strong. And when he had spoken unto me, I was strengthened, and said, Let my lord speak; for thou hast strengthened me. (Because Daniel was a man of strong desires or of great passion the Lord heard and answered his Epi-Thumia)

 

Daniel 11:36-37 And the king shall do according to his will; and he shall exalt himself, and magnify himself above every god, and shall speak marvellous things against the God of gods, and shall prosper till the indignation be accomplished: for that that is determined shall be done. Neither shall he regard the God of his fathers, nor the desire of women, (Epi-thumia To be greatly desired, To be lusted after,) nor regard any god: for he shall magnify himself above all. (The Antichrist will be gay)